Palestina: Rappresaglia continua.. : Italy imc

Whether a student, community activist, politician or an average citizen, these fact sheets will provide you with concise information on the different issues related to the current Intifada and Palestine. Feel free to print and distribute them as long as they are accredited to the Palestine Monitor.

Statistics for the Palestinian Intifada
28 September, 2000 - 10 September, 2003

Palestinians killed¹ (Shuhada)	2,618 deaths including 275 in assassination attacks/extrajudicial killings (grave breach of the 4th Geneva Convention and as such considered war crimes). 133 of those were bystanders or “unintended” victims, killed as they were with the victim, 31 were children and 25 were women 482, or 19% children (below 18 years). At least 85% civilian. 555 killed by heavy weapons. 1,582 killed by live ammunition. Investigations were not conducted, granting immunity to Israelis and allowing them to act unlawfully.²
Palestinians injured +41,000 ³	West Bank⁴ :35.7% children, 32.4% by live ammunition, 64.9% upper body, 39% moderate-severe (16,673 cases, 28/02/02) Gaza Strip ⁵ : c.20% children, 37% live ammunition, 60% upper body, (6000 cases - 6/3/02) UNICEF estimates 7000 children injured.⁶
Permanent Disabilities	Estimated at 2,500⁷. Estimated 500 Palestinian child disabled.⁸
Attacks on Emergency Medical Personnel and Services ⁹	15(1 German physicians/nurses/ambulance drivers killed while on duty (opening fire on ambulances/shelling of residential areas).¹⁰ 180 PRCS Emergency Medical Technicians injured. 95 Union of Palestinian Medical Relief Committees (UPMRC) first aid workers injured (including 2 physicians). 25 PRCS ambulances destroyed. 197 attacks on PRCS ambulances by live ammunition, rubber bullets, and/or stones thrown by Israeli settlers. 432 incidents of denial of access to PRCS ambulances at roadblocks were reported. 70 emergency personnel and volunteers arrested since the long invasion on 29 March¹¹During the long invasion in March/April 2002, UPMRC staff were stopped, detained and denied access up to 3 times daily, since April 2002 the mobile clinics severely obstructed. 81 people have died due to prevention of access to medical treatment.
Attacks on Hospitals (wounding patients, cutting off electricity supplies)	Shelling of French hospital (Bethlehem), damages estimated at $25,000,¹²Al Hussein hospital (Bethlehem).¹³ Live ammunition fired at Beit Jala, A-Dibs, French Hospitals in Bethlehem.¹⁴ Al Alia Hospital (Hebron) on 3 occasions,¹⁵ Al Yamama (Bethlehem), PRCS Maternity Hospital (Ramallah) and Ramallah General Hospital shelled;¹⁶ access denied to Khalid hospital (Ramallah) for several days¹⁷Settlers attacked Augusta Victoria Hospital (Jerusalem), shot security officer (automatic gun).¹⁸During the long invasion in March/April 2002 a large number of hospitals and medical clinics were attacked throughout the West Bank.
Journalists	12 Journalists killed by Israeli forces, (1 Italian, 1 British), 295 journalists wounded as a result of gun shots, physical assault or other means of attack, 167 journalists attacked by Israeli soldiers, 94 attacks on press and media establishments, 46 incidents of press and media equipment damaged19; beaten, detained, equipment confiscated or destroyed; 5 Palestinian journalists arrested and currently in administrative detention.20 31 March 2002: Ramallah and El-Bireh declared closed military areas preventing journalists from entering the area and demanding reporters within the area to exit immediately. April 2002: International Press Association declares the West Bank the second most dangerous place for journalists to work after Afghanistan.
Types of Ammunition used ²¹	Bullets: 5.56 mm (223 caliber), 7.02 mm, 9 mm, 50 caliber, 500 mm, 800 mm, rubber coated steel, plastic. Missiles. Tank Fire. F-16 fighter jets
Reoccupation and incursions	Reoccupation of ‘A’ areas (prior to the major Israeli military operations in March/April and June 2002): Worst cases: Bethlehem (10 days), Jenin (40 days), Ramallah & El Bireh (20 days), Tulkarem, Qalqilya. Invasions into ‘A’ areas: Beit Rima, Deir Ghassana, Beit Lahia February-March 2002: Sharon launches attacks against Palestinian refugee camps in the West Bank. Balata camp (Nablus) is particualry harshly attacked. 180 Palestinians, mainly refugees die in the span of two weeks (28 February-12 March) Major destruction and damage to private property. 29 March-1 May 2002: Israeli tanks invade all major towns in the West Bank except Hebron and Jericho. Towns placed under 24 hrs curfew, medical personnel and ambulances systematically attacked vandalism and major destruction to civil infrastructure, almost 260 Palestinians die. International outcry, UN Special Envoy declares that events in Jenin were “horrific beyond belief” and “morally repugnant”²²19 June: Israeli government launches second large-scale invasion into all West Bank towns and villages (expect Jericho). Complete reoccupation of the West Bank. Over the last month 2 million Palestinians have had 24hrs curfew imposed upon them
Closures and curfews Collective punishment: Affects 3 million Palestinians in West Bank & Gaza Strip. The most severe and sustained set of movement restrictions imposed since the beginning of the occupation in 1967²³. - No access to medical care - Movement restrictions on medical personnel / supplies	Internal closures and siege: 120 Israeli checkpoints in WB & GS. These and road blocks divide West Bank into 300 separate clusters and the Gaza Strip into 3 separate clusters. Severe internal closure: West Bank: 66% of days, Partial internal closure: West Bank: 34%, Gaza 94% of days²⁴Closure causes humanitarian problems such as water and gas shortages (ed Beit Furik & Beit Dajan). Other examples: Residents of Al Mawasi ‘tagged’ with identity numbers, so that Israeli army can permit them minimum movement in and out of area. Israel erected electric gate at entrance to al Sifa, residents permitted movement in/out only from 7-9am and 3-5pm. May 2002: Israeli government introduces new personal permit regime and makes movement between Palestinian towns in the West Bank impossible. The Bantustanization of the Palestinian territories is complete. Construction of “separation” fence between the West Bank and Israel started. External closures: West Bank and Gaza Strip sealed off from the rest of the world. Gaza International airport been closed since February 2001; “safe passage” between Gaza Strip & West Bank closed since Oct. 2000 (Oslo accords forbid its closure); frequent lengthy closure of bridge to Jordan, border with Egypt (Rafah entrance), entrances to Israel (Al-Mintar and Beit Hanoun crossings). Since the beginning of March 2002 the Israeli army has repeatedly invaded areas under Palestinian control and placed towns and villages under prolonged curfew. See Reoccupation and incursions
Palestinian arrests and detention by Israeli authorities	It is estimated that since the 29^th of March 2002, 15,000 Palestinians have been detained, 6,000 of who remain in prison. Of these, 1,700 Palestinians are under administrative detention²⁵ meaning they have not had a trial, and are imprisoned without charges being brought against them. 350 Palestinian children currently held in Israeli prisons and detention centers inside Israel and in the West Bank. Of these around 30 are held in administrative detention²⁶. Many of the prisoners are subjected to torture and do not receive adequate medical care.
Property Damage Attacks on residential areas (Collective punishment)	During the first 15 months of the Intifada physical damage amounted to US$ 305 million²⁷. During the month long invasion in March/April the Israeli army destroyed and looted US$ 361 million worth of property²⁸Since the beginning of the Intifada until February 2002: Shelling & demolition destroyed 720 homes completely, and 11,553 damaged. 73,600 people were affected²⁹. 30 mosques, 12 churches³⁰, 134 water wells³¹, cemeteries. 34,606 olive & fruit trees uprooted³² & 1162.4 dunums of land confiscated³³, 14,339 dunums of land bulldozed or burned³⁴. During the March-April invasion: 881 homes destroyed, 2,883 houses in refugee camps damaged affecting 22,500 people living in those houses³⁵. Gaza strip: more than 601 houses completely demolished, approx. 16,000 dunums (16 million square meters of land), mostly agricultural razed by the Israeli army³⁶
Education (Collective punishment)	MoE reports 850 schools temporarily closed, 8 schools turned into military barracks. 185 schools were shelled and fired upon by Israeli soldiers; 11 schools completely destroyed, 9 vandalized. 15 schools used as detention centers and army barracks. 132 Palestinian students killed and 2,500 injured on their way to or from school 1135 school days have been lost because of Israeli attacks³⁷. During the long invasion in March/April 2002 54, 730 teaching sessions per day were lost due the complete cessation of classes.
Economic conditions (Collective punishment)	Total income losses to Palestinian economy est. between $ 3.2-10 billion (income only, does not include cost of destruction of public and private property). Daily domestic losses: $6.0 – 8.6 million/business day Total wage income loss: $59.4 million Unemployment: Gaza 67%, West Bank 48% 75% of Palestinians living in poverty (less than $2 a day): 84.6% in Gaza and 57.8% in the West Bank³⁸ Economic losses forcing 69% of Palestinian firms either to shut down or reduce production³⁹ 51% drop in GNP.⁴⁰ Israel prevents 125,000 Palestinians from going to work⁴¹. The World Bank estimates that in case of a solution to the conflict and lifting of the closure it will take at least 2 years for the Palestinian economy to restore to a pre-Intifada per capita income level⁴²
UN Resolutions/ Reports: Condemning Israel for disproportionate and excessive use of force against Palestinian civilians and failure to adhere to international laws. For more details see United Nations	7 May 2002: UN General Assembly, 10^thEmergency Special Session resumed. Resolution ES-10/10: condemns the attacks committed by Israel against the Palestinian people, particularly in the Jenin refugee camp, and also condemns the refusal by Israel to cooperate with the Secretary-General’s fact-finding team to Jenin RC. Demands that Israel cease all hindrances and obstacles to the work of humanitarian org. and UN agencies in the OPT. 19 April 2002: Security Council resolution 1405: calls on Israel to lift the restrictions imposed on the operations of humanitarian organizations and welcomes the initiative of the Secretary-General to send a fact finding team to develop accurate information regarding events in the Jenin RC. (Israel refused to cooperate with the fact-finding team) 30 March 2002: Security Council resolution 1402: calls on Israel to withdraw its troops from Palestinian cities 15 April 2002: UN Human Right Commission condemns Israel for mass killings of Palestinians, blames Israel for “gross violations” of humanitarian law and affirms the legitimate right of the Palestinian people to resist the Israeli occupation 20 Dec 2001: General Assembly calls for halt to violence, implementation of Mitchell Report, reiterates applicability of IV Geneva Convention 6 Dec 2001: 114 Signatories to IV Geneva Convention issued joint declaration condemning Israel for indiscriminate and disproportionate use of violence and call for Israel to abide by international humanitarian law 3 Dec 2001: General Assembly votes on 6 resolutions criticizing Israel, areas include – status of Jerusalem, illegal Israeli settlements, inalienable rights of Palestinian people to self determination. 23 Nov 2001: UN Committee Against Torture, condemning Israeli practices 7- 13 Nov 2000: Mary Robinson, UN Human Rights Commissioner visits the Occupied Palestinian Territories. Following this she recommended the establishment of an international monitoring presence in the OPT. 20 Oct 2000: UN General Assembly, 10th Emergency Special Session 19 Oct 2000: UN Commission on Human Rights, 5th Special Session 11-15 Oct 2000: Special Rapporteur to the Commission on Human Rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territories 7 Oct 2000: UN Security Council Resolution 1322: deplores the provocation carried our at the Al-Haram Al-Sharif in Jerusalem on 28 September 2000, calls upon Israel to abide by its legal obligations and responsibilities under the 4th Geneva Convention
Foreign Government comments on Israel	April 10 2002: USA, EU, Russia and UN jointly call on Israel to immediately withdraw from Palestinian territories April 16 2002: EU Commissioner on Development and Humanitarian Assistance says Israel impedes efforts of rescue workers and ridicules humanitarian law
Other International Comment Various International agencies, condemning Israel / calling on halt to violence	Physicians for Human Rights (USA and Israel) Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Network (EMHRN) - Denmark International Federation of Human Rights (FIDH) - Paris International Committee of Jurists (ICJ) - Sweden Human Rights Watch - New York Amnesty International International Committee of Red Cross For more details see respective websites, or Palestine Monitor
International Laws/ Resolutions violated	UN resolutions 242, 338/4th Geneva Convention/Hague Regulations/UN Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials/International Covenant of Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights/Convention on Elimination of All forms of Racial Discrimination/Convention on Rights of the Child and others
Note: reported figures are conservative since not all cases are documented. Additionally some figures are based on reports that are not up-to-date (please note the date of information source)
1 Health, Development, Information, and Policy Institute (HDIP)statistics based on infomation available at time of calculation 2 B’Tselem report: Illusions of restraint: Human Rights Violations During the Events in the Occupied Territories 29^th September – 2^nd December, 2000 3 Statistics can only account for those who went to health centers 4 Ministry of Health 5 Palestinian Center for Human Rights 6 UN Special Rapporteur of Commission on Human Rights, report March 2002, reported in DCI-PAL press release, 19^th March, 2002 7 General Union of Disabled Palestinians 8 UN Special Rapporteur of Commission on Human Rights, report March 2002, reported in DCI-PAL press release, 19^th March, 2002 9 Palestinian Red Crescent Society, 27^th October 2001 Union of Palestinian Medical Relief Committees 10 Palestinian Center for Human Rights: 28^th June, 2002 BACK TO TOP 11 Palestinian Red Crescent Society 10^th July,, 2002, 12 Director, Holy Family Hospital, Bethlehem 13 During Israeli occupation of Bethlehem 19^th- 29^th October, 2001 14 Al- Ayyam newspaper, 19^thOct,2000 15 LAW Society, Nov 4^thand 8^th2000 16 During 3 day invasion and occupation of Ramallah, (12^th-15^th March, 2002) 17 During Israeli occupation of Ramallah, October 2001 18 LAW Society, Oct 29^th 2000 19 Palestinian National Authority State Information Service 20 Information from the Palestinian Journalists Syndicate, Ramallah 21 Al-Haq BACK TO TOP 22 Terje Rød Larsen in BBC interview, 19 April 2002 23 A report by the Gaza office of the UN Middle East envoy Terje Rød-Larsen, February 2001. 24 UNSCO: “The Impact on the Palestinian economy of confrontation, border closures and mobility restrictions’, (Oct 2000 -30^th Sept, 2001) 25 LAW Society (press release), 17^th July, 2002 26 DCI information received August, 2002 27 UNSCO 28 Does not include income losses and social and humanitarian costs. Assessment made by international donors 29 Palestinian Humanitarian Disaster, U.S. Agency for International Development, July 10, 2002 30 Palestinian Council for Justice and Peace 31 Al-Mezan 2001 BACK TO TOP 32 LAW Society, 29^thNov 2001 (figure from beginning of 2000) 33 LAW Society, 29^thNov 2001, (figure from beginning of 2000) 34 LAW Society, 29^thNov 2001, (figure from beginning of 2000) 35 Palestinian Center for Human Rights, 3^rdJune, 2002 36 Ibid 37 Ministry of Education, 17 Jan 2002, information for Ministry of Education schools only, (from 28^th Sept, 2000) 38 PCBS, April 2002 39 All above stats: UNSCO: ‘The Impact on the Palestinian Economy of Confrontation, Border Closures and Mobility Restrictions’, Oct 2000 - 30^th Sept, 2001 40 Report by the Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation 41 Associated Press, 29^thOct,2000 42 World Bank report, March 2002 BACK TO TOP

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